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Hazarika Bornali ¹, Deka Rup Sekhar ¹

Affiliations
1 Gauhati Medical College, Guwahati: 32, Assam, IN

Abstract

The vermiform appendix is a narrow, vermiform (worm like) tube which arises from the posterior medial caecal wall, approximately 2 cm below the end of the ileum. Appendicitis is the most common cause of acute abdomen in young people. Obstruction of the lumen is the dominating factor in acute appendicitis. In appendix lymphoid follicles are absent at birth but accumulate over the first 10 years of life to become a prominent feature of it. But in elderly people, the lymphoid follicles atrophy and are replaced by collagenous tissue, and the appendix may be filled with fibrous scar. The appendix is longest in childhood and gradually shrinks throughout adult life. The present study was undertaken at Gauhati Medical College&Hospital involving the departments of Anatomy and Forensic Medicine. Specimens of appendix were taken from the department of Forensic Medicine before putrefaction of the body. Specimens were collected after due permission / consent from the concerned authority and also from the nearest relatives of the deceased. Appendix of 63 males and 63 females were studied in four age groups as '0 to 20 years', '21 to 35 years', '36 to 50 years'&'51 to 70 years'. The data recorded was analysed statistically using Student's T-test. P value 0.05 is considered as statistically significant. Such a study may be useful in establishing a database which may be useful in medical science.

Keywords

Appendicitis, Lymphoid Follicles, Inflammation.

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Deka Rup Sekhar ¹, K. L. Talukdar ¹, Medhi Shobhana ¹, Hazarika Bornali ¹, Baro Baneswar ¹, Deka Himamoni ¹

Affiliations
1 Dept. of Anatomy, Gauhati Medical College, Guwahati-32, Assam, IN

Abstract

Introduction: At various times in the history of medicine the precise function of the small discrete pea-like structure we have in the centre of our brains, called the pineal gland (“corpus pineale”), was considered to be a memory valve, a valve controlling circulating vital fluids, the seat of the soul, and the site of a presumed pathology causing certain types of mental illness. In the mid nineteen fifties this confusion began to clear when the pineal gland’s true function was discovered. The gland is a neuroendocrine gland and consists of parenchymal cells, called pinealocytes and neuroglial cells. Melatonin, 5methoxy- N-acetyltryptamin, is a neurohormone of the brain produced by pineal gland. The modern systematic study of the pineal gland began in 1954. There are very few literatures where the size of the pineal gland has been described.

Material and Methods: In the present study 50 numbers of MRI cases done for various purposes, where no pathology of brain was detected were taken in the Radiology department of Gauhati Medical College after obtaining due consent. The length (Anteroposterior diameter) and breadth (Cranio-caudaldiameter) of the pineal gland was recorded. The data recorded was analysed statistically using Student’s T-test. P value d” 0.05 is considered as statistically significant.

Result: The maximum mean length of pineal gland was observed asbe 5.715±0.651 mm in the age group of ‘20 to below 40’ years.

Discussion: The findings of our study has the similar [ty with the observations made by other researchers f this field.

Conclusion: Such a study may be useful in establishing a database which may be useful in correlating the size of the gland with various brain pathology.

Keywords

Neuroendocrine Gland, Antero-Posterior Diameter, Cranio-Caudal Diameter.

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